Dental disease is a very common problem in our companion animals. Seventy five percent of our pets have some degree of gingivitis or periodontitis. Age, diet, breed, tooth alignment, grooming habits, and general health status can affect the development of dental disease. Tartar builds up at the gum line, which hardens causing calculus to form. Bacteria grows and causes damage to the gum and periodontal tissue. Damage to gum tissue is called gingivitis and damage to periodontal tissue, a more advanced form of the disease,  is called periodontitis. Periodontitis is a painful condition that can lead to other serious conditions including heart disease and kidney disease.

Signs of the problem might include mouth odor, reddened gums or gums that bleed, sensitivity around the mouth, reluctance to eat, drooling or lethargy. Gingivitis, the earlier stage of the disease is reversible. Treatment includes a routine dental prophylaxis by your veterinarian and routine home care. Periodontitis may produce pus along the gum line, loose teeth and pain. This requires further treatment after a dental prophylaxis and may involve further surgical treatment or extractions.

A dental prophylaxis is done under general anesthesia and involves a thorough cleaning and polishing of the teeth. Dental tartar and calculus is removed below and above the gum line. Other procedures can be done if indicated at this time. Animals may benefit from the application of Oravet, a sealant that helps prevent further buiilduip of tartar. Before a prophylaxis, each animal is evaluated for general wellness with an exam and presurgical bloodwork. During the procedure, all animals are supported with IV fluid therapy and are closely monitored.

The best treatment of dental disease is prevention. At home care involves brushing the teeth, the use of topical medications to prevent tartar buildup and the encouragement of chewing behaviors. In some cases other treatments may be needed. Excellent dental care can improve the quality of our pets lives and help to keep them healthy for a long happy life.